Improvement in combined furnaces and steam-generators



` o. w. KETcHuM. Combined Furnaces and Steam-Generaltos.

mwtmm UNITED STATES OLIVER WV. KETGHUM, OF TORONTO, CANADA.

IMPROVEMENI IN COMBINED FURNACES lAND STEAM-GENERATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. .139,73 5, dated .Inno 10, 1873` application iled p December 17, 1872.

To all whom #may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER W. KE'rcHUM, of Toronto," Province of Ontario, in the county of York and Dominion of Canada, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pressure, Combustion, Smoke and Gas Consuming Furnaces and Steam Generators; and 4I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, refer- `ence being had to the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification.

The invention consists in a mode o f producing a continuous combustion of fuel in the furnace of a steam-generator (after ignition) by forcing one or more currentsof air upon it, as hereinafter described. It also consists in cona veying the heat a-nd products of combustion (after passingthrough a horizontal flame-chamber) to the water in the boiler by means of a a 'pipe constructed so as to curve upward from a the llame-chamberlabovc water-mark, and return belowWater-line, passing through the boil-` er horizontally and discharging into the Water .through pipe having perforations which increase `injjsi-ze and number toward the end. The invention also consists in providing the boiler on the inside with concave projections running through its length on both sides above the pipes referred to, and above the water-line, so that the ebullitions of water above said m pipes, and caused by escape of gas, are thrown back into the middle of boiler. It

` y also consists .in providing the dome of boiler with concave pieces of iron resting one upon "the other, constructed with spaces between each and between the sides of dome, to act as additional deiiectors.

Figure lis a longitudinal vertical section, and Fig. 2 is a cross section through line .r w `of Fig. 1.

` Ain the drawing represents a steam boiler with dome c. E represents a fuel-cylinder constructed in boiler A. B is the lire-box.

C represents a flame-chamber. F is a pipe which may or may not be used to carry off the` smoke when the natural draft is used in starting tire. C C1 represent a pipe curved upward from flame-chamber above water-line and again returning below water-line, running the length of boiler and returning to the end.

` The pipe C G1 contains a self-acting valve o2,

and below water-line contains perforations increaslng 1n slze and number toward the end,

so as to distribute generally through the boiler the products of combustion. The valve l 02 closes of its own weight, when pressure is ltaken off from the air-pump, thus preventing water in the boiler having contact with the fuel. The purpose of the curved pipe C containing the valve is to serve as an additional preventive to the Bow of the water from boiler into the name-chamber. a a represent a concave projection above water-mark constructed over the pipe c c and running the length of the boiler in both sides, so as to delect the water cast up byebullitions within the boiler. I I I are perforations in the boilerplate. J J are additional deflectors made of concave pieces of iron `constructed to rest one above the other, withva space between each and a space between the sides of dome, so that water driven up into the dome may be thrown a back,- and priming thus prevented.-` Zi b are airtight doors in fire and `iiame chambers B C, with a hinge at the top opening inward and having a lever f f for convenience in opening and shutting same.` p p are ordinary transverse boiler-tubes constructed so `as to confine the fuel within chamber or lire-box B; H VGr H G are tubes from an air-pump entering the fire and llame chambers B C at front and rear respectively, and also entering cylinder lE. They contain ordinary cocks, K L M, to `regulate supply of air as required. D is an 4ordinary mud-drum with cock at the end to relieve boiler of refuse when required.

The fuel is filled into the cylinder E through the air-tight door c, andits own gravity causes it to fall into fire-box B and be selffeeding as combustion progresses. The airpump being set in motion, the air is forced into the pipes H Gr H G into the cylinder E and chamber B, andA then through the fire. This causes an absorption of the oxygen in large quantities by the fire and causes `more intense heat than by ordinarydrai't, as well as more perfect combustion. The continuous pressure drives the nitrogen and gases through the dame-chamber into the pipe (l O1 and compels its iinal discharge through the perforations in the pipe into the water ofthe boiler.

When it is desired to start the fire the air-tight doors may be opened to create a natural draft till sufficient steam is generated to work the air-pump.

The valve c2, when pressure is cut o' from the air-pump, falls down of its own weight and prevents the Water in the boiler from coming into contact with the fire.

The concave deflectors a! a are placed over the perforated pipe c c so that the water thrown up by ebullitions Within the boiler is thrown back into the middle of boiler and primage prevented. The d'eectors J J are additional preveutions against priming.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure .by Letters Patent, is

l. A vertically self-feeding furnace, a flamechamber and a boiler, all made air-tight and combined with air-forcing apparatus, in the manner and for the purpose described.

2. The pipes c c 'arranged and combined with the flame andwater chambers, in the manner and for the purpose specified.

3. The deectors c a arranged over the pipes c', as and for the purpose described.

4. The steam-dome a provided With a series of superposed deiiectors J, applied as and for the purpose set forth.

OLIVER WILLIAM KETCHUM.

Witnesses SoLoN G. KEMON, T'Hos. D. D. OURAND. 

